Nws yog hais tias tib neeg yog ua los ntawm dej. Feem ntau ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm tib neeg lub cev yog dej. Lub hnub nyoog yau, qhov sib npaug ntawm cov dej hauv lub cev ntau dua. Thaum ib tug me nyuam yug los, dej suav txog li 90% ntawm lub cev qhov hnyav. Thaum nws loj hlob mus rau ib tug hluas, qhov feem ntawm lub cev dej nce mus txog 75%. Cov dej ntsiab lus ntawm cov neeg laus ib txwm yog 65%. Txhua tus tsis tuaj yeem nyob tsis muaj dej hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Cov dej haus yuav tsum tau ib khob dej. Txawm nyob hauv tsev lossis hauv chaw ua haujlwm, txhua tus yuav muaj lawv lub khob dej. Xaiv lub khob dej kom haum yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau peb. Ntxiv mus, muaj ntau hom khob dej hauv khw. Yuav ua li cas xaiv lub khob dej zoo thiab noj qab haus huv kuj yog peb qhov kev txhawj xeeb tshwj xeeb. Niaj hnub no, tus editor yuav qhia rau koj yuav ua li cas xaiv ib tug haumkhob dej?
Kab lus yuav tham txog cov hauv qab no
1. Cov khoom siv ntawm cov khob dej yog dab tsi
1.1 Stainless hlau
1.2 iav
1.3 Yas
1.4 Ceramic
1.5 Enamel
1.6 Paper khob
1.7 Ntoo khob
2. Qhia koj cov kev xav tau los ntawm qhov chaw
3. Kev ceev faj rau kev yuav khob dej
4. Cov khob dej twg tau pom zoo
1. Cov khoom siv ntawm cov khob dej yog dab tsi?
Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khob dej tau muab faib ua stainless hlau, iav, yas, ceramic, enamel, ntawv, thiab ntoo. Muaj ntau ntau yam tshwj xeeb ntawm txhua yam khoom. Cia kuv piav qhia lawv hauv qab no.
> 1.1 Stainless hlau
Stainless hlau yog cov khoom siv hlau. Qee zaum peb txhawj txog xeb lossis qee yam. Tsuav nws yog stainless hlau dej khob uas ua tau raws li lub teb chaws tus qauv, qhov ua tau ntawm xeb yog qhov tsawg heev. Lub khob zoo li no yog siv los tuav cov dej haus zoo tib yam hauv kev siv ib txwm, thiab tsis tas yuav txhawj xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum tau ceev faj tsis txhob siv lub khob stainless hlau no rau tshuaj yej, kua ntses, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, kua zaub, thiab lwm yam rau lub sijhawm ntev, thiaj li zam lub khob lub cev los ntawm kev corrosive tiag tiag thiab nag lossis daus ntawm chromium hlau uas muaj teeb meem. rau tib neeg lub cev.
Cov khoom siv hlau tsis zoo rau cov khob dej yog 304 stainless hlau thiab 316 stainless hlau. 316 muaj zog dua 304 hauv cov kua qaub, alkali thiab kub tsis kam. Dab tsi yog 304 stainless hlau? Dab tsi yog 316 stainless hlau?
Cia peb tham txog hlau thiab hlau ua ntej.
Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau thiab hlau feem ntau yog cov ntsiab lus carbon. Hlau yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv steel los ntawm refining carbon cov ntsiab lus. Hlau yog cov khoom siv nrog cov ntsiab lus carbon ntawm 0.02% thiab 2.11%; cov khoom uas muaj cov ntsiab lus carbon siab (feem ntau ntau dua 2%) yog hu ua hlau (tseem hu ua npua hlau). Qhov siab dua cov ntsiab lus carbon, qhov nyuaj dua, yog li hlau yog nyuaj dua steel, tab sis steel muaj zoo toughness.
Yuav ua li cas steel tsis xeb? Vim li cas hlau thiaj li xeb?
Hlau reacts chemically nrog oxygen thiab dej nyob rau hauv cov huab cua los ua ib tug oxide zaj duab xis nyob rau saum npoo, uas yog vim li cas peb feem ntau pom liab xeb.
xeb
Muaj ntau hom hlau, thiab stainless hlau tsuas yog ib qho ntawm lawv. Stainless hlau tseem hu ua "stainless acid-resistant steel". Yog vim li cas cov hlau tsis xeb yog tias qee cov hlau tsis huv tau ntxiv rau cov txheej txheem steel ua kom cov hlau hlau (xws li ntxiv cov hlau chromium Cr), tab sis tsis xeb tsuas yog txhais tau tias nws yuav tsis raug corroded los ntawm huab cua. Yog tias koj xav kom acid-resistant thiab corrosion-resistant, koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv lwm yam hlau. Muaj peb hom hlau: martensitic stainless hlau, ferritic stainless hlau thiab austenitic stainless hlau.
Austenitic stainless hlau muaj qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws. 304 thiab 316 tau hais los saum no yog ob qho tib si austenitic stainless hlau. Cov hlau muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ob qhov sib txawv. Kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm 304 twb tau siab heev, thiab 316 zoo dua li nws. 316 steel ntxiv molybdenum rau 304, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho nws lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv oxide corrosion thiab aluminium chloride corrosion. Qee cov khoom siv hauv hiav txwv lossis cov nkoj yuav siv 316. Ob leeg yog cov khoom noj khoom haus hlau, yog li tsis muaj teeb meem hauv kev xaiv. Raws li seb qhov sib txawv ntawm ob tuaj yeem ua qhov txawv ntawm tib neeg lub qhov muag, cov lus teb tsis yog.
> 1.2 iav
Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias ntawm txhua lub khob ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv, iav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, thiab qee cov tshuaj organic tsis siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm firing iav. Peb tau txhawj xeeb tiag tiag tias cov tshuaj lom neeg tsis zoo hauv lub khob nws tus kheej yuav nkag mus rau peb lub cev thaum haus dej, thiab cov tshuaj organic yuav muaj kev phiv rau tib neeg lub cev. Yuav tsis muaj teeb meem zoo li no thaum siv iav. Thaum siv, txawm tias nws yog tu los yog sau, iav yog yooj yim dua thiab yooj yim dua.
Feem ntau siv khob dej khob tau muab faib ua peb hom: dej qab zib-txiv qaub khob dej khob, siab borosilicate iav dej khob, thiab siv lead ua khob dej khob.
Ⅰ. Soda-lime khob khob
Soda-lime iav yog ib hom silicate iav. Nws yog tsim los ntawm silicon dioxide, calcium oxide, thiab sodium oxide. Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov iav tiaj tiaj, lub raj mis, cov kaus poom, lub teeb pom kev zoo, thiab lwm yam yog iav dej qab zib.
Cov khoom siv iav no yuav tsum muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo thiab thermal stability, vim hais tias cov khoom tseem ceeb yog silicon dioxide, calcium silicate, thiab sodium silicate melts. Yuav tsis muaj kev phiv tshuaj lom hauv kev siv txhua hnub, thiab nws yuav tsis ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv.
Ⅱ. High borosilicate iav khob
High borosilicate iav muaj qhov hluav taws kub zoo, lub cev muaj zog, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, thiab cov khoom siv zoo heev, thermal stability, dej tsis kam, alkali tsis kam, thiab acid kuj. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam khoom xws li teeb, tableware, thiab tsom iav lo ntsiab muag. Piv nrog dej qab zib-txiv qaub iav, nws tuaj yeem tiv taus ntau qhov kub thiab txias. Cov iav no yog nyias thiab sib dua, thiab nws pom tau tias sib dua ntawm tes. Ntau ntawm peb lub khob dej yog ua los ntawm nws tam sim no, xws li ob txheej iav dej khob nrog tshuaj yej strainer ntawm Thermos, tag nrho lub khob lub cev yog ua los ntawm cov iav siab borosilicate.
Ⅲ. Crystal iav
Cov iav siv lead ua yog hais txog lub thawv uas yog tsim los ntawm cov iav yaj thiab tom qab ntawd ua lub thawv zoo li siv lead ua, los yog siv lead ua khoom siv. Vim qhov tsis tshua muaj thiab nyuaj ntawm mining ntawm ntuj siv lead ua, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov neeg xav tau, yog li cov iav siv lead ua dag tau yug los.
Kev ntxhib los mos ntawm cov iav iav yog siv lead ua ntshiab, nthuav tawm qhov pom kev zoo nkauj heev. Cov iav no yog cov khoom lag luam siab ntawm cov iav, yog li tus nqi ntawm cov iav siv lead ua yuav kim dua li cov iav zoo tib yam. Crystal iav tuaj yeem txawv ntawm cov iav zoo tib yam los ntawm kev saib ze dua. Yog tias koj kais lossis flick nws nrog koj txhais tes, lub iav siv lead ua tuaj yeem ua lub suab nrov zoo nkauj, thiab cov iav siv lead ua zoo nkaus li hnyav hauv koj txhais tes. Thaum koj tig lub iav siv lead ua tiv thaiv lub teeb, koj yuav hnov zoo heev thiab siv lead ua ntshiab.
> 1.3 Yas
Muaj ntau hom khob dej yas hauv khw. Peb cov ntaub ntawv yas tseem ceeb yog PC (polycarbonate), PP (polypropylene), thiab tritan (Tritan Copolyester).
Ⅰ. PC khoom
Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm cov khoom siv kev nyab xeeb, PC yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws tsis txhob xaiv. Cov khoom siv PC yeej ib txwm muaj teeb meem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau ntim khoom noj. Los ntawm txoj kev xav ntawm cov tshuaj molecules, PC yog ib tug siab molecular polymer uas muaj carbonate pawg nyob rau hauv lub molecular saw. Yog li vim li cas ho tsis pom zoo xaiv cov khoom siv PC khob dej?
PC feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm bisphenol A (BPA) thiab carbon oxychloride (COCl2). Bisphenol A yuav raug tso tawm hauv qhov kub thiab txias. Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias bisphenol A tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob endocrine, mob qog noj ntshav, rog rog tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob metabolic, thiab thaum ntxov puberty ntawm cov menyuam yaus yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam rau bisphenol A. Yog li ntawd, txij li xyoo 2008, tsoomfwv Canadian tau txheeb xyuas tias nws yog tshuaj lom thiab txwv tsis pub. nws ntxiv rau kev ntim khoom noj. EU kuj ntseeg hais tias cov me nyuam lub raj mis uas muaj bisphenol A tuaj yeem ua rau cov laus laus laus thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab thiab menyuam yaus. Txij thaum Lub Peb Hlis 2, 2011, EU kuj tau txwv tsis pub tsim cov me nyuam lub raj mis uas muaj bisphenol A. Nyob rau hauv Suav teb, kev ntshuam thiab muag ntawm PC menyuam lub raj mis los yog cov me nyuam mos fwj uas muaj bisphenol A raug txwv los ntawm lub Cuaj Hlis 1, 2011.
Nws tuaj yeem pom tias PC muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb. Kuv tus kheej pom zoo tias nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws tsis txhob xaiv cov khoom siv PC yog tias muaj kev xaiv.
Factory ncaj qha muag ntawm lub peev xwm loj polycarbonate haus khob
Ⅱ. PP khoom
PP, tseem hu ua polypropylene, tsis muaj xim, tsis muaj ntxhiab, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, translucent, tsis muaj bisphenol A, yog flammable, muaj ib tug melting point ntawm 165 ℃, softens ntawm ib ncig ntawm 155 ℃, thiab muaj ib tug siv kub ntau yam ntawm -30 rau 140 ℃. PP tableware khob kuj yog cov khoom siv yas nkaus xwb uas tuaj yeem siv rau microwave cua sov.
Ⅲ. Cov khoom siv Tritan
Tritan kuj tseem yog cov tshuaj polyester uas daws tau ntau qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov yas, nrog rau cov tawv tawv, kev cuam tshuam lub zog, thiab hydrolysis stability. Nws yog tshuaj tiv thaiv, pob tshab, thiab tsis muaj bisphenol A hauv PC. Tritan tau dhau los ntawm US Food and Drug Administration daim ntawv pov thawj FDA (Food Contact Notification (FCN) No.729) thiab yog cov khoom siv rau cov menyuam mos nyob hauv Europe thiab Tebchaws Meskas.
Thaum peb yuav lub khob dej, peb tuaj yeem pom qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov khoom siv ntawm lub khob dej, xws li cov lus qhia hauv qab no:
> 1.4 Ceramics
Kuv twv koj tau hnov ntawm Jingdezhen, thiab Jingdezhen ceramics yog nto moo heev. Ntau tsev neeg siv khob ceramic, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog khob tshuaj yej. Lub npe hu ua "ceramic khob" yog ib qho zoo ntawm cov av nplaum, ua los ntawm cov av nplaum los yog lwm yam khoom siv uas tsis yog xim hlau, los ntawm molding, sintering thiab lwm yam txheej txheem, thiab thaum kawg qhuav thiab hardened yuav insoluble nyob rau hauv dej.
Qhov kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb thaum siv lub khob ceramic yog tias cov khoom siv raw siv hauv ceramics tshaj li cov qauv ntawm cov hlau hnyav ( txhuas thiab cadmium ). Kev noj cov hmoov txhuas thiab cadmium ntev ntev yuav ua rau cov hlau hnyav heev hauv lub cev, uas yooj yim ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam txawv txav hauv cov kabmob tseem ceeb xws li lub siab, lub raum, thiab lub hlwb.
Kev haus dej los ntawm lub khob ceramic kuj muaj kev noj qab haus huv, tsis muaj qee yam khoom siv hluavtaws. Nws raug nquahu kom peb txhua tus mus rau qee lub khw muag khoom noj khoom haus zoo tshaj plaws (los yog cov khw muag khoom lag luam) mus yuav cov khob dej qab zib zoo nkauj, uas kuj yog qhov lav zoo rau peb txoj kev noj qab haus huv.
Ceramic khob yeej zoo nkauj heev
> 1.5 Enamel
Kuv kwv yees ntau tus neeg tsis nco qab tias enamel yog dab tsi. Peb puas tau siv enamel khob? Saib daim duab hauv qab no kom paub.
Enamel khob yog tsim los ntawm txheej txheej ntawm ceramic glaze rau saum npoo ntawm cov khob hlau thiab tua ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Enameling cov hlau nto nrog ceramic glaze tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov hlau los ntawm oxidized thiab xeb, thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov yaig ntawm ntau yam kua. Hom enamel khob no yog siv los ntawm peb cov niam txiv, tab sis nws tau ploj mus tam sim no. Cov neeg uas tau pom nws paub tias cov hlau nyob rau hauv lub khob yuav xeb tom qab cov ceramic glaze nyob rau sab nraud ntog.
Enamel khob yog tsim tom qab kub-kub enameling ntawm ntau txhiab degrees Celsius. Lawv tsis muaj cov tshuaj phem xws li txhuas thiab tuaj yeem siv nrog kev ntseeg siab. Txawm li cas los xij, cov hlau hauv lub khob tuaj yeem yaj nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig acidic, thiab raws li tau hais los saum toj no, kev puas tsuaj saum npoo yuav ua rau cov khoom tsis zoo. Yog tias siv, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj kom tsis txhob siv lub khob yas los tuav cov dej qab ntsev kom ntev.
> 1.6 khob ntawv
Niaj hnub no, peb siv cov khob ntawv pov tseg ntau heev. Txawm nyob hauv tsev noj mov, chav qhua, lossis hauv tsev, peb tuaj yeem pom cov khob ntawv. Cov khob ntawv muab peb txoj kev yooj yim thiab kev nyiam huv vim tias lawv siv tau pov tseg. Txawm li cas los xij, nws nyuaj rau txiav txim siab seb cov khob ntawv pov tseg puas huv thiab huv. Qee lub khob ntawv tsis zoo muaj ntau cov fluorescent brighteners, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov cell hloov pauv thiab dhau los ua qhov muaj peev xwm carcinogenic tom qab nkag mus rau tib neeg lub cev.
Cov khob ntawv feem ntau muab faib ua cov khob siv quav ciab thiab cov khob polyethylene-coated (PE txheej).
Lub hom phiaj ntawm wax txheej yog los tiv thaiv dej to. Vim tias siv quav ciab yuav yaj thaum nws ntsib dej kub, cov khob siv quav ciab feem ntau tsuas yog siv los ua khob dej txias xwb. Txij li thaum wax yuav yaj, nws puas yuav lom yog tias koj haus nws? Koj tuaj yeem tso siab tau tias txawm tias koj haus dej cawv los ntawm lub khob ciab, koj yuav tsis raug tshuaj lom. Cov khob ntawv tsim nyog siv cov zaub mov qib paraffin, uas yuav tsis ua mob rau lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, tam sim no tsis muaj cov khob ntawv waxed. Cov uas muaj txiaj ntsig yog qhov tseem ceeb ntxiv rau txheej txheej ntawm emulsion sab nraum lub khob ciab kom nws ua lub khob ncaj nraim ob txheej. Lub khob ob-txheej txheej muaj cov rwb thaiv tsev zoo thiab tuaj yeem siv los ua khob dej kub thiab khob dej khov.
Polyethylene coated ntawv khob tam sim no siv ntau dua hauv kev ua lag luam. Polyethylene coated khob yog cov txheej txheem tshiab. Hom khob no yuav coated nrog ib txheej ntawm polyethylene (PE) yas txheej rau ntawm qhov chaw thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom, uas yog sib npaug rau npog lub khob ntawv nrog ib txheej ntawm yas zaj duab xis.
Polyethylene yog dab tsi? Puas muaj kev nyab xeeb?
Polyethylene tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias, muaj purity siab, thiab tsis muaj tshuaj additives, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog plasticizers, bisphenol A thiab lwm yam khoom. Yog li ntawd, polyethylene coated daim ntawv khob siv tau rau cov dej txias thiab kub, thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb. Thaum peb xaiv, peb yuav tsum saib cov khoom ntawm lub khob, xws li cov lus piav qhia hauv qab no:
Parameter piav qhia ntawm ib hom hom ntawv khob
> 1.7 khob ntoo
Cov khob ntoo ntshiab yog ib qho yooj yim kom xau thaum ntim dej, thiab feem ntau yuav tsum tau coated nrog qib qib ntoo siv roj los yog lacquer kom ua tiav cov cua sov, tiv thaiv acid thiab tsis muaj dej. Edible qib wood wax roj muaj ntuj beeswax, linseed roj, sunflower roj, soybean roj, thiab lwm yam., tsis muaj tshuaj raw khoom, thiab yog ntsuab thiab environmentally friendly.
Cov khob ntoo tsis tshua siv, thiab feem ntau muaj qee lub khob ntoo rau haus tshuaj yej hauv tsev.
Nws yog qhov tsawg heev los siv nws. Tej zaum kev siv cov ntaub ntawv raw ntoo ua rau cov ecology, thiab tus nqi ntawm kev ua ib lub khob dej muaj peev xwm loj kuj yog siab heev.
2. Qhia meej tias koj xav tau dab tsi?
Koj tuaj yeem xaiv koj lub khob dej raws li cov kev xav hauv qab no.
[Tsev neeg siv txhua hnub]
Tsis txhob xav txog qhov tsis yooj yim ntawm kev noj nws tawm, khob khob tau pom zoo.
[Kev ua si nawv thiab kev siv tus kheej]
Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv cov khoom siv yas, uas yog resistant rau ntog.
[Kev mus ncig ua lag luam thiab kev siv tus kheej]
Koj tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv koj lub hnab lossis hauv tsheb thaum koj mus ncig ua lag luam. Yog tias koj xav tau kom sov, koj tuaj yeem xaiv stainless hlau.
[Rau chaw ua haujlwm siv]
Nws yog qhov yooj yim thiab zoo ib yam li kev siv hauv tsev. Nws raug nquahu kom xaiv lub khob dej khob.
3. Dab tsi yog qhov ceev faj thaum yuav lub khob dej?
1. Los ntawm kev xav txog kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb, nws raug nquahu kom xaiv lub khob khob ua ntej. Cov khob khob tsis muaj cov tshuaj organic thiab yooj yim los ntxuav.
2. Thaum muas lub khob dej, mus rau lub khw loj lossis yuav lub khob dej hauv online. Nyeem cov khoom piav qhia thiab kev taw qhia ntxiv. Tsis txhob npau taws rau qhov pheej yig thiab tsis txhob yuav peb-tsis muaj khoom.
3. Tsis txhob yuav cov khob yas uas muaj cov ntxhiab tsw tsw phem.
4. Nws raug nquahu kom tsis txhob yuav cov khob yas ua los ntawm PC.
5. Thaum muas lub khob ceramic, them nyiaj ntau rau qhov smoothness ntawm glaze. Tsis txhob yuav ci ntsa iab, qis dua, hnyav glaze thiab nplua nuj xim khob.
6. Tsis txhob yuav cov khob stainless hlau uas muaj xeb. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los yuav 304 lossis 316 stainless hlau khob.
7. Thaum muas lub khob enamel, saib seb lub khob phab ntsa thiab lub khob ntug puas puas lawm. Yog tias muaj kev puas tsuaj, tsis txhob yuav lawv.
8. Ib txheej khob khob yog kub. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los xaiv ob-txheej lossis cov khob tuab.
9. Qee lub khob muaj dej ntws tawm ntawm lub hau, yog li xyuas seb puas muaj cov nplhaib sib khi.
Lub sij hawm xa tuaj: Sep-18-2024