Mo te 304 he kowiri tira

Ko te 304 he kowiri tira he mea noa i waenga i nga tira kowiri, he 7.93 g/cm³ te kiato; ka kiia hoki ko te 18/8 he kowiri tira i roto i te ahumahi, ko te tikanga kei roto i te 18% chromium me te nui atu i te 8% nickel; he ātete ki te teitei o te pāmahana o 800 ℃, he pai te mahi tukatuka me te kaha teitei, a he nui te whakamahi i roto i te ahumahi me nga ahumahi whakapaipai taonga me te ahumahi kai me te hauora. Engari, me tohu ko te taurangi ihirangi o te kowiri tira 304 kai he kaha ake i tera o te kowiri tira 304 noa. Hei tauira: ko te whakamaramatanga o te ao mo te 304 he kowiri tira ko te nuinga kei roto ko te 18% -20% chromium me te 8% -10% nickel, engari ko te kai-koeke 304 he kowiri tira kei roto 18% chromium me te 8% nickel, ka taea te rereke i roto i tetahi. awheawhe me te whakawhāiti i te ihirangi o ngā momo konganuku taumaha. Arā, ko te 304 he kowiri tira ehara i te mea he kowiri tira 304 te kowiri kai.
Ko nga tikanga tohu noa i runga i te maakete ko te 06Cr19Ni10 me te SUS304, ko te 06Cr19Ni10 te nuinga o te waa e tohu ana i te hanga paerewa a-motu, ko te 304 e tohu ana i te hanga paerewa ASTM, me te SUS304 e tohu ana i te whakaputanga paerewa Japanese.
Ko te 304 he kowiri tira-whanui, e whakamahia nuitia ana i roto i te hanga taputapu me nga waahanga e hiahia ana kia pai te mahi matawhānui (te aukati i te waikura me te hangai). Kia mau tonu ai te parenga waikura o te kowiri tira, me nui ake i te 18% te chromium me te 8% nickel te rino. Ko te 304 kowiri tira he karaehe o te kowiri tira i hangaia i runga i te paerewa ASTM Amerika.

Āhuatanga ā-tinana:
Te kaha σb (MPa) ≥ 515-1035
Te kaha tuku herenga σ0.2 (MPa) ≥ 205
Whakaroa δ5 (%) ≥ 40
Te whakahekenga wahanga ψ (%)≥?
Te pakeke: ≤201HBW; ≤92HRB; ≤210HV
Kiato (20 ℃, g/cm³): 7.93
Ira whakarewa (℃): 1398~1454
Te kaha wera motuhake (0~100 ℃, KJ·kg-1K-1): 0.50
Te kawe werawera (W·m-1·K-1): (100℃) 16.3, (500℃) 21.5
Te whakarea roha raina (10-6·K-1): (0~100℃) 17.2, (0~500℃) 18.4
Te ātete (20 ℃, 10-6Ω·m2/m): 0.73
Tauira rapa roa (20 ℃, KN/mm2): 193
Te hanganga hua
Ripoata
Etita
Mo te 304 he kowiri tira, he mea tino nui te huanga Ni i roto i tona hanganga, e whakatau tika ana i te aukati me te uara o te 304 kowiri tira.
Ko nga mea tino nui o te 304 ko Ni me te Cr, engari karekau e herea ki enei waahanga e rua. Ko nga whakaritenga motuhake kua tohua e nga paerewa hua. Ko te whakatau noa i roto i te ahumahi ko te mea ka nui ake te ihirangi Ni i te 8% me te ihirangi Cr nui atu i te 18%, ka taea te whakaaro ko te 304 he kowiri tira. Koinei te take i kiia ai e te ahumahi tenei momo kowiri tira 18/8 kowiri tira. Inaa, ko nga paerewa hua e tika ana he tino marama nga ture mo te 304, a he rereke enei paerewa hua mo te kowiri tira o nga ahua rereke. E whai ake nei etahi paerewa hua noa me nga whakamatautau.
Hei whakatau mehemea he 304 he kowiri tira tetahi rauemi, me tutuki nga whakaritenga o ia huānga o te paerewa hua. I te mea kaore tetahi e tutuki i nga whakaritenga, kaore e taea te kiia ko te 304 kowiri tira.
1. ASTM A276 (Whakaahua Paerewa mo nga Pae Kowiri tira me nga Hanga)
304
C
Mn
P
S
Si
Cr
Ni
Whakaritenga, %
≤0.08
≤2.00
≤0.045
≤0.030
≤1.00
18.0–20.0
8.0-11.0
2. ASTM A240 (Chromium me Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure essels and for General Applications)
304
C
Mn
P
S
Si
Cr
Ni
N
Whakaritenga, %
≤0.07
≤2.00
≤0.045
≤0.030
≤0.75
17.5–19.5
8.0–10.5
≤0.10
3. JIS G4305 (pereti kowiri tira, pepa me te takai)
SUS 304
C
Mn
P
S
Si
Cr
Ni
Whakaritenga, %
≤0.08
≤2.00
≤0.045
≤0.030
≤1.00
18.0–20.0
8.0-10.5
4. JIS G4303 (Paetahi rino korewa)
SUS 304
C
Mn
P
S
Si
Cr
Ni
Whakaritenga, %
≤0.08
≤2.00
≤0.045
≤0.030
≤1.00
18.0–20.0
8.0-10.5
Ko nga paerewa e wha o runga ake nei ko etahi o nga mea noa. Inaa, he nui ake i enei paerewa e whakahua ana i te 304 i ASTM me JIS. Inaa, he rereke nga whakaritenga mo ia paerewa mo te 304, na, ki te hiahia koe ki te whakatau mehemea he 304 tetahi rauemi, ko te huarahi tika ki te whakapuaki me te eke ki nga whakaritenga 304 i roto i tetahi paerewa hua.

Paerewa hua:

1. Tikanga tapanga
Ka whakamahia e te American Iron and Steel Institute e toru nga mati hei tapanga i nga momo tohu paerewa o te rino kowiri tira. I roto ia ratou:

① Austenitic kowiri tira kua tapaina ki te 200 me te 300 tau raupapa. Hei tauira, ka tapaina etahi tira kowiri tira austenitic ki te 201, 304, 316 me te 310.

② Ko nga tira kowiri tira ferritic me te martensitic e tohuhia ana e te 400 nga tau raupapa.

③ Ko te ferritic kowiri tira kua tapaina ki te 430 me te 446, me te martensitic kowiri tira kua tapaina ki te 410, 420 me te 440C.

④ Duplex (austenitic-ferrite), he kowiri tira, he kowiri tira whakapakeke te ua me nga koranu teitei me te kiko rino iti iho i te 50% ka whakaingoatia e nga ingoa patent me nga tohu hokohoko.
2. Te whakarōpūtanga me te māka
1. Te māka me te whakarōpūtanga: ① Paerewa ā-motu GB ② Paerewa ahumahi YB ③ Paerewa rohe ④ Paerewa umanga Q/CB
2. Whakar
3. Taumata Paerewa (kua wehea kia toru nga taumata): Taumata Y: Taumata matatau o te ao I te taumata: Taumata whanui o te ao H taumata: Taumata teitei o te kainga
4. Paerewa motu
GB1220-2007 Pae kowiri tira (taumata I) GB4241-84 Kowiri tira kowiri tira (taumata H)
GB4356-2002 Kowiri tira kowiri tira (I taumata) GB1270-80 Kowiri tira paipa (I taumata)
GB12771-2000 Kowiri tira paipa paiherea (Y taumata) GB3280-2007 Kowiri tira pereti makariri (I taumata)
GB4237-2007 Pereti wera kowiri tira (I taumata) GB4239-91 Kowiri tira whitiki makariri (I taumata)